Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

## Introduction to Sanitary Napkin Composition

Sanitary napkins are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow while providing comfort and protection. The effectiveness of these products depends on the quality and combination of various raw materials used in their production. Understanding these components helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton-like materials

This layer must be soft, breathable, and quick-drying to prevent skin irritation while allowing menstrual fluid to pass through to the absorbent core.

### 2. Absorbent Core

The heart of the sanitary napkin consists of:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes cotton or rayon fibers

This combination provides excellent fluid absorption and retention capacity, preventing leaks and keeping the surface dry.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the waterproof layer that prevents leakage. Common materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

This layer must be flexible yet strong enough to contain the absorbed fluid.

### 4. Adhesive Components

Sanitary napkins include:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for attachment to underwear
– Release paper to protect the adhesive before use

The adhesive must be strong enough to keep the pad in place but gentle on fabrics.

## Additional Features and Materials

### 1. Wings

Many sanitary napkins feature side wings made from:

– Non-woven materials
– Plastic films
– Sometimes with additional adhesive

These help secure the pad in place and prevent side leakage.

### 2. Fragrance and Deodorizers

Some products include:

– Perfume microcapsules
– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda

These components help neutralize odors but may cause irritation for sensitive skin.

### 3. Indicator Strips

Certain premium products feature:

– Color-changing technology
– Moisture indicators

These help users know when it’s time to change the pad.

## Environmental Considerations

Recent innovations focus on sustainable materials:

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Bamboo fiber absorbent cores
– Biodegradable backsheets
– Plant-based adhesives

These eco-friendly alternatives reduce environmental impact while maintaining performance.

## Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials in sanitary napkins empowers consumers to choose products that meet their comfort, protection, and environmental needs. As technology advances, we continue to see improvements in both performance and sustainability in feminine hygiene products.